The Unique Manuka Honey of Hawaii - Lehua Honey Production and Uses

The Origins and History of Manuka Honey from Hawaii

The unique and highly-prized manuka honey originates from New Zealand, produced by European honey bees that pollinate the flowers of the manuka bush. However, manuka honey is also produced in limited quantities in Hawaii from a close relative known as the Hawaiian lehua tree.

The Manuka Bush in New Zealand

The manuka bush (Leptospermum scoparium) is native to New Zealand and southeast Australia. It is part of the myrtle family of plants and can grow up to 15 feet tall. The word "manuka" comes from the Maori language.

The Aborigines of Australia and Maori of New Zealand have used manuka plants for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. They made teas and tonics from the leaves and bark to treat fever, urinary disorders, and more.

Bees and Manuka Honey Production in New Zealand

European honey bees (Apis mellifera) were brought to New Zealand in the 19th century. Beekeepers realized that bees pollinating the manuka bush produced a honey with unique properties. It had a richer, deeper flavor and seemed to retain its antimicrobial potency longer than standard honey.

Today, manuka honey from New Zealand is highly valued around the world for both its taste and health benefits. Only honey produced by bees feasting exclusively on the manuka bush flowers in New Zealand can be labeled as genuine manuka honey.

The Lehua Tree in Hawaii

The Lehua tree (Metrosideros polymorpha) inhabits many parts of the Hawaiian islands. It is an evergreen tree in the myrtle family, similar to the New Zealand manuka bush. The lehua tree can grow up to 80 feet tall and produces colorful pompom-like flowers.

Like the mauka plant, the lehua tree has a long history of medicinal use in Hawaiian folk medicine. The bark, leaves, and flowers were used to treat various ailments. Lehua blossoms are highly prized in hula dancing.

Hawaiian Lehua Honey Production

When European honey bees were introduced to Hawaii in the 19th century, some beekeepers noticed that bees foraging on lehua blossoms created a honey with a similar look and taste to manuka honey. However, Hawaiian lehua honey can't be labeled as true manuka due to subtle differences in plant chemistry.

There are only a handful of commercial beekeepers specializing in lehua honey production. Lehua trees grow at higher elevations, so hives need to be placed in more remote locations. The short blooming season also limits how much honey can be harvested each year.

Comparing New Zealand Manuka and Hawaiian Lehua Honeys

Both manuka and lehua honeys are dark, rich honeys revered for their unique taste and medicinal properties. They contain similar antimicrobial compounds that set them apart from other honeys.

However, only honey produced in New Zealand and verified to be from manuka bush nectar can rightfully be called manuka honey. Lehua honey has a similar flavor profile but cannot be marketed internationally with the manuka name.

Medicinal Uses of Manuka and Lehua Honey

Both types of honey have natural antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The major active compounds are methylglyoxal (MGO), leptosperin, and hydrogen peroxide.

Research shows manuka honey inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. When applied topically, it can help treat minor wounds and burns. Taken internally, it may soothe sore throats and upset stomachs.

Lehua honey likely shares many of the same medicinal benefits, but more research is still needed. Traditionally, Hawaiians used it treat cuts, bruises, fever, and digestive issues.

How to Use Manuka and Lehua Honey

Both manuka and lehua honey have a rich, tangy taste that goes well with many foods. Try adding a spoonful to yogurt, oatmeal, or tea. Spread it on toast or mix into salad dressings. Use it glaze meats or add a touch of sweetness to savory sauces.

Look for UMF and MGO ratings on manuka honey labels. The higher the number, the more potent the antibacterial properties. For medicinal purposes, choose a UMF 10+ or MGO 400+ product.

For skin conditions, apply manuka or lehua honey directly on the affected area and cover with a bandage. Change dressings every 24 hours. Always use sterilized honey for wound care.

Availability and Pricing of Hawaiian Lehua Honey

Due to the limited supply, lehua honey typically sells for a high premium price. It may exceed $100 per pound, while manuka honey from New Zealand sells for around $30 to $100 per pound depending on the UMF rating.

Lehua honey can sometimes be found at farmer's markets, specialty stores, and directly from Hawaiian producers. But it remains relatively difficult to find outside of the Hawaiian islands.

As beekeeping practices evolve in Hawaii, more lehua honey may become available in the future. But the short flowering season and remote hive locations will always constrain the quantity produced each year.

In Conclusion

Manuka honey from New Zealand and lehua honey from Hawaii represent two of the most prized honeys in the world. While their origins differ, they share similar therapeutic properties and exquisite flavors.

Manuka honey has a longer production history and scientific backing for its medicinal uses. Lehua honey shares much of the same chemistry but comes from a rare Hawaiian flowering tree. It offers a delicious, health-promoting alternative for honey aficionados.

FAQs

What is manuka honey?

Manuka honey is produced in New Zealand by bees that pollinate the native manuka bush. It is known for its unique medicinal properties.

Where does lehua honey come from?

Lehua honey comes from Hawaii and is produced by bees pollinating the lehua tree flowers. It is similar to manuka honey but rarer.

What are the health benefits of manuka honey?

Manuka honey has natural antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. It can be used topically on wounds or taken internally.

Is lehua honey as medicinal as manuka honey?

Lehua honey likely shares many of the same medicinal benefits as manuka honey, but more research is still needed.

Why is lehua honey so expensive?

Lehua honey commands a high price due to limited supply. Lehua trees grow in remote areas and have a short flowering season, constraining production.