Tornillo Expansor Superior for Correcting Narrow Upper Jaws in Children

What is a Tornillo Expansor Superior?

A tornillo expansor superior, also known as a palatal expander, is an orthodontic appliance used to widen the upper jaw. It consists of a central expansion screw that is connected to bands or brackets cemented to the upper molars. The screw mechanism can be activated, usually by turning a key, to exert gentle pressure on the upper jaw and expand the palatal suture in growing children or adolescents.

When is a Tornillo Expansor Superior Used?

An expansor screw appliance is commonly used when a child has a narrow, constricted upper jaw. This can lead to dental crowding and crossbites. Expanding the upper jaw allows more room for the teeth to align properly. It may also help correct breathing issues or sleep apnea in some cases. The tornillo expansor superior is frequently used in children ages 6-14 while the midpalatal suture is still receptive to expansion forces.

How Does a Tornillo Expansor Superior Work?

The expansion screw is fixed to bands on the first molars and sometimes also the premolars. As the screw is turned, it gently pushes the molars outward, exerting pressure on the midline suture in the palate. This causes the two halves of the upper jaw to separate, widening the arch form over time. Expansion is done incrementally by turning the screw a small amount each day, allowing new bone to fill in the gap created in the suture. The entire expansion process usually takes 2-6 weeks. Retention is required afterwards to allow the new bone to solidify and prevent relapse.

What is Involved in Caring for a Tornillo Expansor?

Patients will be shown how to activate the tornillo expansor screw at home using a special key. Typically, the screw is turned about a quarter to a half millimeter per day. It is important to follow the orthodontist's instructions carefully. Parents will need to monitor the expansion process and ensure the child is turning the screw as prescribed each day. Proper oral hygiene is also critical when wearing an expansion appliance to prevent decay or gum disease. Regular orthodontic adjustments will be required throughout treatment.

What are the Benefits of Tornillo Expansor Superior Treatment?

There are several potential benefits of using a tornillo expansor superior:

• Creates more room in the upper jaw for the teeth.
• Allows teeth to be moved into proper alignment.
• May improve breathing and sleep for some patients.
• Corrects crossbites.
• Reduces need for tooth extractions in crowded cases.
• Expands the smile and enhances facial esthetics.
• Widens the nasal passages.

Rapid palatal expansion with a tornillo expansor superior is a safe, effective way to resolve upper jaw narrowing or constriction in growing children when performed by an experienced orthodontist. It can eliminate the need for extraction treatment in many cases and improve both dental and respiratory function.

Conclusion

The tornillo expansor superior is an invaluable treatment for enhancing the upper arch and creating space for straighter teeth alignment. When used at the appropriate time during childhood growth, expansion can provide substantial dental and respiratory benefits. With proper orthodontic technique and patient compliance, a tornillo expansor superior can successfully widen a constricted upper jaw and allow teeth to be moved into more ideal positions.

FAQs

What age is best for treatment with a tornillo expansor superior?

The ideal age is while the midpalatal suture is still receptive to expansion, usually between ages 6-14 years old. Treatment outside this range may be less effective.

How long does it take to widen the palate with a tornillo expansor?

The active expansion phase typically takes 2-6 weeks, turning the screw incrementally each day. Retention with the appliance is then required for several months to allow new bone to fill in and stabilize.

Is palatal expansion painful?

Patients generally tolerate expansion well. There may be some mild pressure, discomfort or irritation initially but this usually subsides within a few days as the suture opens.

Can a tornillo expansor superior help with sleep apnea?

For some patients, expanding a narrow upper jaw can help open nasal airways and slightly reduce sleep apnea symptoms. However, it may not be a cure and further treatment may be needed.

What are the risks of palatal expansion treatment?

When performed properly, risks are low. Possible side effects include tooth discomfort, gum tissue irritation, distorted speech, and instability of the appliance. Extreme expansion can very rarely cause more serious issues.